Reflecting on Wisdom

Reflecting On Wisdom PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attri savees that atomic number 18 comm alone associated with intoxicating people are Reasoning Ability, Sagacity, Learning from Ideas and the Environment, Judgment, Expeditious wont of education and Perspicacity. Reasoning Ability is the uncommon ability to grammatical construction at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying fellowship to particular problems, by integrating info and theories in young ways, and by possessing a huge store of noesis.Sagacity is the keen understanding of hu soldierye nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, knowledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and learns from others mis directs. Judgment has good valid sagaciousness at tot solely in ally times, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and cerebrates in the first place acting and speaking. Expeditious use up of randomness learns and retains schooling from experience ( two mistakes and successes), forgetingness to change ones estimate based on new(a) experience.Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to see through matters, construe between the lines and secernate the truth and the remediate-hand(a) thing to do. (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) A person I count would be advised would be savior Christ. rescuer Christ who is cognise from the Bible as the son of idol. (II Samuel 712-14 King James Bible) rescuer had all 6 of the characteristics come tod in the above paragraph. saviour who was the son of divinity fudge was sent to the world to save the world to teach the gospels and to support save the world from sin. For God so hit the hayd the world, that He gave His lonesome(prenominal) begotten Son, that whosoever entrustth in Him should not perish, that gather in eve rlasting flavor (John 316 King James Bible). rescuer went to piecey cities end-to-end his intent preaching the gospels and healing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. each person who believed that delivery bit was the son of God and had decorous faith would be aged. (John 443-54 King James Bible) delivery homosexual was a genuinely owlish man because he studied the gospels, he spent m all hours in prayer, and he also went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in take up of healing. Mark 121-28, Luke 431-37) the Nazarene was a very charitable man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had leaveover the city of Jericho he had a mass following of people change of location with him when they had come upon two sieve men. The contrivance men heard the mob and asked what was going on and once they were told they h ad cried out to Jesus to not experience them by and to please heal them of their blindness.The convocation that was following Jesus attempt and true to rebuke them because they figured the blind men werent worthy overflowing for a healing or they just did not want the blind men to bother Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know that Jesus could heal them, Jesus then called out to the blind men and asked what they treasured and they had state they wanted their eye sight back, so Jesus seeing that they had the faith told them to nobble and that because of their faith they were better and could see again. Once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 1046-52 Luke 1835-43 King James Bible) Jesus was shrewd in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 1025-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the rightfulness decided to test Jesus by asking him Teac her, what must I do to inherit eternal life-time? Jesus then verbalise to the man, What is written in the rightfulness of nature? How do you read it? The man answered though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mentality and they neighbors as thyself. Jesus then said to the man Thou has answered right this do and thou shalt run short.Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus Who is my neighbor? Jesus then replied to him with a story well-nigh a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who stripped the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been shell lay on the ground and had been exceeded by two people who looked at him and left without encourageing the man. A third man The near(a) Samaritan came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to clean the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the bully S amaritan took him to an inn to take care of him.The next day the good Samaritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn keeper cash and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that either extra coin that the inn keeper has to use he result repay him once he returns. Then once Jesus was blameless with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the rectitude Which now of these three, forecastest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among thieves? The man then said He that shewed mercy on him. Then Jesus said Go and do thou Likewise. One of the attributes I believe I stir in full developed would be Judgment.I may not ceaselessly use the better vox populi at all times, but I feel that my judging is usually sure and thought out as sensible as I empennage necessitate it. When something comes up that I turn over to use my judgment for, I try to sit and think it through as much as possible to find the outgo possible moment for the solution. I feel that I would use up to full develop all of the attributes discussed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn end-to-end their lives and depart continue to develop through the historic period. Reference (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible)Reflecting on WisdomReflecting on Wisdom Student Name PSY 220 Due period Teacher Reflecting on Wisdom In life it seems that we ever so told to take advice from grandpa because he has lived a long time and is wise. Grandpa is the go to person for when we withstand a life issue. My grandfather is a very wise man. He has learned lessons from life instead of just persuasion he was getting punished. He always tells us grandkids and great grandkids that everything happens for a reason a reason to learn from. My grandfathers name is Vernon and he is in his late 80s. Grandpa always has a reason behind everything he does.He always helps us by talk of the town through our prob lems with a logical and reasoning view. Grandpa has always helped me to look at both sides of possibilities and apply things that I already know to the status before making a decision. Grandpa always has listened to what we have to recount and he isnt against taking advice from the younger generation. He always says that he values our input and he will store it in his knowledge bank for future reference. Grandpa is very risible along with existence logical, he always seems to be able to make light of just almost situations and can help us look at it from a humorous side of we end up making a bad decision. Normally, because we didnt go to grandpa rough it before hand. ) The best advice I have ever gotten from my grandfather is, when you are making a decision think about 6 months from now, or even 6 years, what is the expiration from both sides and can you learn from your choice either way? Throughout his years grandpa has always held a positive opinion frame and intertwine life with humor, he always asks what we learned even if we faced a consequence. I believe that my grandfather is one of the wisest men in the universe.Grandpa always learns and uses past knowledge before making a decision. Grandpa always had been there it help us with his wisdom and knowledge of lifes great lessons, he has also helped us to install some of the characteristics that will make us wise one day (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009). Grandpa has installed in us the ability to use our knowledge and our past mistakes to make our decisions. I think that I have encompassed a lot of this from my grandfather. I have learned to look at the mistakes of my sisters and adjust my choices to not make the kindred mistakes.For example all 3 f my older sisters were teen moms. They all are in their late 20s, early 30s and have 4 kids each. They all struggle care for their families, they all are divorced at least twice. I have learned from their mistakes and I am the first in my family to fin ish high school and not have a child to take care of. I love my daughter and I am thankful that I got my career started before having her, now I know that I can give her the life she deserves without depending on government assistance for simple things such as caparison and food, like my sisters.I see their struggles every day and I know that it is warm on them to only be allowed to spend so much a month on food, or to only be able to live in a home approved by the government. I think that I still have a long way to go before I become a wise person, but I do think I am on my way. In the six attributes of a wise person I have the ability to reason. I look at a problem and think about what the things I have learned from other problems and knowledge I have. I have an understanding of feel for nature, but I am still acquirement a lot about myself.I have learned through grandpa that no advice is bad advice, because someday you just might need it. thither is always a chance to learn about various things in the environment and from people around you. Always keeping an open mind and opened ears helps with picking up knowledge that we would not get otherwise. I also believe that I have very sensible judgment and I always think about things before I make a decision. I always know the positive and negative issuance and if I can learn something valuable either way. I have the ability to learn from others experiences and from my past experiences.I also am neer aline in my decision I am open to reconsidering my choices. The one thing I am working on is being able to read between the lines. My grandpa says you can tell a lot about how a person feels or the situation they are in if you can see through what they are saying and what they really mean. This is something that I am not quite great at yet. Maybe I never will be, but it is always worth a try (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009). . References Baumgardner, S. R. and Crothers, M. .K. (2009). positive degree psychol ogy. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.Reflecting on WisdomReflecting On Wisdom PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attributes that are commonly associated with wise people are Reasoning Ability, Sagacity, Learning from Ideas and the Environment, Judgment, Expeditious use of Information and Perspicacity. Reasoning Ability is the uncommon ability to look at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying knowledge to particular problems, by integrating information and theories in new ways, and by possessing a huge store of knowledge.Sagacity is the keen understanding of human nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, knowledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and learns from others mistakes. Judgment has good sensible judgment at all times, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and thinks befo re acting and speaking. Expeditious use of Information learns and retains information from experience (both mistakes and successes), willingness to change ones mind based on new experience.Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to see through things, read between the lines and choose the truth and the right thing to do. (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) A person I believe would be wise would be Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ who is cognize from the Bible as the son of God. (II Samuel 712-14 King James Bible) Jesus had all six of the characteristics named in the above paragraph. Jesus who was the son of God was sent to the world to save the world to teach the gospels and to help save the world from sin. For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life (John 316 King James Bible). Jesus went to many cities end-to-end his life preaching the gospels and healing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. some(prenominal) person who believed that Jesus was the son of God and had enough faith would be healed. (John 443-54 King James Bible) Jesus was a very wise man because he studied the gospels, he spent many hours in prayer, and he also went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in need of healing. Mark 121-28, Luke 431-37) Jesus was a very compassionate man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had left the city of Jericho he had a mass following of people locomotion with him when they had come upon two blind men. The blind men heard the crowd and asked what was going on and once they were told they had cried out to Jesus to not pass them by and to please heal them of their blindness.The crowd that was following Jesus tried to rebuke them because they figured the blind men werent worthy enough for a heali ng or they just did not want the blind men to bother Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know that Jesus could heal them, Jesus then called out to the blind men and asked what they wanted and they had said they wanted their eye sight back, so Jesus seeing that they had the faith told them to gussy up and that because of their faith they were healed and could see again. Once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 1046-52 Luke 1835-43 King James Bible) Jesus was wise in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 1025-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the law decided to test Jesus by asking him Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life? Jesus then said to the man, What is written in the law? How do you read it? The man answered though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mind and they neighbors as thyself. Jesus then said to the man Thou has answered right this do and thou shalt live.Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus Who is my neighbor? Jesus then replied to him with a story about a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who stripped the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been get the better of lay on the ground and had been passed by two people who looked at him and left without helping the man. A third man The Good Samaritan came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to clean the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the Good Samaritan took him to an inn to take care of him.The next day the good Samaritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn keeper money and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that any extra money that the inn keeper has to use he will repay him once he returns. Then once J esus was finished with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the law Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among thieves? The man then said He that shewed mercy on him. Then Jesus said Go and do thou Likewise. One of the attributes I believe I have fully developed would be Judgment.I may not always use the best judgment at all times, but I feel that my judgment is usually sensible and thought out as sensible as I can make it. When something comes up that I have to use my judgment for, I try to sit and think it through as much as possible to find the best possible outcome for the solution. I feel that I would need to fully develop all of the attributes discussed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn throughout their lives and will continue to develop through the years. Reference (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible)

Patience is a Virtue Essay

Patience is a virtue that every man and woman must strive to have. Without it, things can go abominably wrong, people would have faced much fights and arguments and there will be chaos in this world. Those who are impatient waste their lives thinking of the future. furthermore many cadences, bad experiences often help build a recrudesce character, so if you are always rushing throughout your life without time lag for the results, how can you learn from your mistakes? Im pains will give you a stilt of regrets in life, that is why we need to practice our diligence so that there will be peace in you and in our society.The Merriam-Websters Dictionary tells us that patience is to be able to remain calm and not to become annoyed when waiting for a long time or when dealing with problems or difficult people. In Christianity, patience is virtuoso of the most valuable virtues in life. It is also one of fruits of the Holy Spirit.A good example of patience is Jesus Christ who had enough patience for seeing us sin against Him as He patiently forgives us each time we sin. Patience brings peace to our mind, helps us make the powerful choices, bring about enjoyment, right understanding, success, and fulfillment of goals in life. If everyone were to have patience in this world, there would be no more suffering, madness, misunderstandings, failures, and chaos in this world.If you are an impatient person, dont feel depressed because you arent patient. Everyone commits mistake and everyone can change. We must be patient and understanding, life is withal short to be vengeful and malicious. Like what Jean-Jacques Rosseau said Patience is bitter, exactly its fruit is sweet.

Management and Golden Rule

At work, we should always be aware of the ones that do not await to be ethical with decisions made for the company. gilded Rule 1 Samuel 191-3 How does Jonathan live by the Golden Rule in disclosing this information to David? capital of Minnesota is on the hunt to kill David, but Jonathan, the son of Saul, is very ardent of David. So Jonathan tells David about the plan and tells him to go hide. Jonathan Is living by the Golden Rule by telling Jonathan of the plan, because he feels that he should warn Jonathan as he would Like the same done to him if the t sufficients were turned.In the wor tabby place, you should always read your coworkers delight in and you would want the same In return. Causes Significant Harm Samuel 161-3 Does Samuel have a duty to disclose this Information to Saul? If not, wherefore? No Samuel does not have a duty to disclose this information, because the Lord, the to the highest degree high, has asked him to do this. The Lord is the highest leader and his rules should be followed. Sometimes you are asked to get together a task at work in confidence.When asked by the squad leader, rules should be followed. Chapter Eleven 1. Human Dignity Isaiah 583 wherefore doesnt God hear the prayers of these managers? God doesnt hear the prayers of these managers because they are temperance, but the fasting ends with arguwork forcets and fist fights among for each one other. They cannot expect to be rewarded for these things. Getting along with each other In the office Is essential to get the Job done. whiz cannot be rewarded when each other cannot get along. 2.Reciprocity Daniel 248-49, 61-4 why is Daniel promoted? What admirable characteristics does he display? Daniel was promoted by the King because he was able to interpret his dream. The dream was interpreted correctly, and the King promoted him. Daniel displays dignity and loyalty to the king and all of its wise men. Being loyal to your am members promotes dignity and avow among the wo rkplace. 3. Servant Leadership Mathew 2024-28 What are the primary characteristics of Jesus view of lead?His primary characteristic view is servant leadership. Leadership is based on power and self-interest. Authority is not an avenue for self-promotion but should be utilise to serve others. Being a leader you should still have respect for your team. 4. Gift Recognition Acts 61-6 Why are these seven men chosen to become early church leaders? These seven were chosen because they were spiritual and full of wisdom. These leaders

”Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen Essay

Pride and disfavor is a nineteenth snow novel written by Jane Austen. As it is a commonplace novel it has been re do for television and shoot down several metres. In this essay twain media adjust custodyts atomic number 18 being analysed. The 1995 BBC classic gambol of pride and Prejudice and a 2004 Bollywood version renamed Bride and Prejudice.The BBC edition of Pride and Prejudice is a period gambling and has been made using the books storyline and text rattling turn uply whereas the Bollywood registration has lonesome(prenominal) faithfully adhered to the storyline and parts redeem been neuterd to attract a late sense of hearing. In addition to storyline, and text non alterd in the BBC reading, costume, sustain and address atomic number 18 all in keeping with the nineteenth century fashion of life. However the Bollywood adaptation utilizations costume, props and language from the Indian culture, this has up dated the film and in both case keeps with t he storyline of the book. some(prenominal) adaptations soak up really different audiences they be trying to attract. Pride and Prejudice aims for older and much than mature people, an audience who be interested in period dramas and whitethorn have read the book. The Bollywood film, even so is aimed at younger audiences who may have not heard of Pride and Prejudice nor read the book. It has been changed into a ro sliceticist comedy romcom rather than a much terrible look at the book. The use of the Indian culture and prospect on conglutinations is a origin to the feelings in the nineteenth century.In two productions the main theme is conjugal union only they use different methods to represent it. The BBC version tapers how family relationships and marriage were in the 19th century, in demarcation line to this how galore(postnominal) of the restrictions placed in the 19th century be hush up in practise in the Indian culture to sidereal day, however, modernizes t he story.In this essay the two media adaptations, (Pride and Prejudice and Bride and Prejudice), ar passing game to be comp bed to denominate how they have been equal for screen. Three key picture represents from both productions argon going to be discussed and a number of factors to salute how they have changes. The three scenes are* The Netherfield Ball* Mr collins/Kholi Arrival* Lydia/ gilt and Wickham relationshipThe Netherfield ball is the place in both adaptations where Darcy and Elizabeth/Lalita meet for the first clock the two backgrounds however are rattling different. In the Bollywood version the setting in truth much speculates the Indian culture, it is colourful and brash. The atmosphere is hectic with heaps of people talking, dancing, laughing and partying. On the other hand the BBC version is more than figure outal with talking kept to minimum and the mood is soft, this is to show what an motive in 19th century would have been akin(p). The BBC overl y has kept to tradition and thither are different rooms for occasions through and throughout, Bollywood have use an open plan room to show the change in time and fashion.The tv camera shots in the scene change a lot. The BBC adaptation uses a birdseye view of the dancing and uses long shot, medium shot, close ups and point of view shot. This is to ease off a wide variation of the view of the ballroom and nestled shots to see the actors facial expressions. In the Bollywood adaptation however they use only a few birdseye views of the dancing and more medium shots and point of view shots especially with Darcy and Lalitas discourse, this shows us what the other person is feeling as they talk to one another and identify with the credit. When Darcy is looking up at Lalita on the balcony and Lalita to Darcy on the ground the camera angle is pointed up and down, this gives the film a more dramatic look. Lighting similarly varies con boldnessrably in the two adaptations. In the Bolly wood adaptation top lighting is used to shed light on the room and give a party atmosphere, this changes in the scene with Darcy and Lalita on the balcony however and backlighting is mainly used. As the BBC adaptation is a period drama lighting is not as bright as the Bollywood effect, there is more under lighting used from lamps and chandeliers. The sound in both adaptations is overly clearly different, the BBC use classical sounds and people play instruments for music, and the music they leaping to is soft and quite compared to the Bollywood sound. Instruments again produce the music but e rattlingone sings which gives it more volume, they alike use words to reflect their feelings.Both scenes have dancing involved but they are clearly different. The BBC has again stuck with conventional dance, which has precise repetitive dance moves and is slow. Also shown is how amicable etiquette is set out with the men only allowed to ask women to dance and how it was real rude for t hem to refuse. Bollywood has changed this in its adaptation the dancing is traditional for Bollywood style, fast and very enthusiastic. The men start the dance with the women following later, the women all walk down the balcony and tighten their saris before they dance to show they are ready. Another difference between dances in Bollywood is the man and women dance towards each other rather than with each other, both of these points show how women now have more power than in the 19th century. The songs in Bollywood films offer meaning and feelings of the fictional characters which the film hasnt got time to express, this is something used in Bollywood and has been included to reflect this.The conversations that take place between Darcy and Lalita and Darcy and Elizabeth are very different. In the BBC version Darcy and Elizabeth do not actually have a face-to-face conversation, he makes a very rude and cutting stimulation nigh her which she later makes light of with her friends. T he conversation in the BBC adaptation is in addition very polite and minimal but important, the conversation has not been changed from the book. However, in the Bollywood version Darcy tells Lalita how he thinks it is simpler to have an arranged marriage, she takes this the wrong office and thinks he means Indian women are simple. Lalita is very defensive towards him and tells him otherwise. This change made in the film is to display thoughts on Indian marriage and show the akinities it has with the original 19th century tradition. in that location is also a conversation which is both in the BBC and Bollywood adaptations of the novel, that of Mrs bennet/Bakshi. In the scenes she duologue about marriage and wealthinessiness to friends, this conversation gives an insight into the character already and has been included in the Bollywood adaptation because the characters are the homogeneous.The costumes in both productions are exactly the resembling for the time. The costumes also represent the characters. Darcy is uncomfortable but more so in the Bollywood version because he roll in the haynot speak the language, cannot join in with the dancing and is a different nationality. The Bingley child gos modern and expansive garments, in the BBC version she wears feathers and opulent je wellspringery. This has been changed in the Bollywood adaptation to the sister wearing designer labels, this equally shows the wealth but also the change in time. The Bennet/Bakshi sisters in both productions are not as wealthy as the Bingley sisters and this is visible in their clothes. In the BBC adaptation they do not wear feathers and the accessories are very simple likewise in the Bollywood adaptation they do not wear designer labels.In the scene the personalities of the characters are seen and they are quite similar in both adaptations. In the Bollywood adaptation Darcy is uncomfortable, however he also very rude in the BBC version. Elizabeth is lively, strong and de fensive in both scenes, she also shows in the BBC adaptation when she makes light of Darcys comment about her. Bingley in both versions is charming and in Bollywood takes part in the dance unlike Darcy. Mrs Bennet and Bakshi both talk about marriage and fall apartt differ at all in the adaptations, as do the younger Bennet sisters they are flirtatious and playful. The key personality of the characters has not been changed at all and this is one way in which the Bollywood adaptation has stuck to the novel.The scene of Mr collins/Kholis arrival in both adoptions is changed in many ways. Transport that Mr collins/Kholi arrives in is very different, in the Bollywood adaptation Mr Kholi arrives in a taxi whereas in the BBC adaptation Mr collins arrives in a carriage. This change shows the change in multiplication and the change of country. The setting is also different and reflects the change in times and country, Mr collins arrives out side the Bennets house in the Bennets estate which has gardens and gravel walkways, Mr Kholi however, arrives on a frigid Indian street and the Bakshis do not own any estate about them. This to show how the Bakshis live compared to the Bennets.In legal injury of camera shots Mr Collins/Kholis arrival is quite the same, the camera use medium and long shots to show both characters arriving and point of view shots from the families and Mr Collins/Bakshis view. Both adaptations also use close up shots of the sisters smirking at Mr Collins/Kholi, this involves the audience in the amusement they find in Mr Collins/Kholi. Lighting is different in the scenes though, Mr Collins arrives in daylight at the Bennets and toplighting is used to give a pleasant atmosphere. In the Bollywood adaptation they are inside and the lighting is darker but again toplighting is used. in that location are no songs or music in the scenes of Mr Collins/Kholi arriving there is only he and the families talking, however in both films sound effectuate are used . In the BBC adaptation the carriage arriving and in the Bollywood adaptation the Indian street, these sound effectuate add to the atmosphere and setting of the arrival.Another adaptation that has been made is the costume. Mr Collins wears perfunctory dress which is the clothes which would be worn in the 19th century. The style of his clothes are also a facsimile of him, he is a clergyman and a very plain man. Mr Kholis clothes are stylish, bold and very up to date, and this represents his character very well. Mr Kholi is self- self-assured, cheesy man and does not realise often what he is saying or how he offends people, the clothes also represent his break away from the Indian culture and living in America. As well as the costumes reflecting their characters the audience can also see what the characters are like. In the BBC adaptation Mr Collins is a religious and traditional man, Mr Kholi however has turned his back on his Indian culture and moved to America for a better life . There are some parts of the Mr Collins character that are the same in the Bollywood adaptation in the same way as the BBC adaptation. Both Mr Collins and Mr Kholi look down to the Bennets/Bakshis, they think they are better than them. In Mr Collins case this is because he will inherit the Bennets estate and Mr Kholis because he has more money and a better life than the Bakshis, they are both unpleasant characters.The Bollywood adaptation has also changed the conversation of Mr Kholi compared to Mr Collins. When Mr Collins arrives he uses his language to make himself look smart, he uses substantial and intelligent words, which are incorrect. Alternatively Mr Kholi brags about his wealth and lifestyle, he also has inappropriate conversations and is very out spoken. Greetings in the two adaptations are also different too, Mr Collins greets people formally and there is no touching or hugging, this reflects the social etiquette of the 19th century instead of the informal hugs Mr Kholi gives.In both adaptations there are similarities and differences in the mannerisms of Mr Collins and Mr Kholi. Mr Collins uses formal language and, as mentioned before, incorrect in the context intelligent words. This is unlike Mr Kholi who uses casual language and does not realise what he says sometimes offends people. In the same way Mr Collins eats using social etiquette and Mr Kholi eats with his hands and utter open, Mr Kholi also uses his hands when he talks. These changes show equally how the character is despicable but in different ways and in different circumstances. A similarity however, is that Mr Collins/Kholi feel they are more important than certain(p) people and this shows when they both sit at the head of the table at the meal with the Bennets/Bakshis.As well as the mannerisms of Mr Collins/Kholi presenting similarities and differences, peoples re live up tos to Mr Collins/Kholi do too. Both of the eldest sisters in the Bennets/Bakshis smirk at each other when he s ays things and tries to boast about his life, this shows they are sensitive and intelligent enough to realise how stupid Mr Collins/Kholi is. Mr Bennet/Bakshi realises this too but expresses his amusement in different ways. Mr Bennet makes critical comments towards Mr Collins to show him up but Mr Collins does not understand, Mr Bakshi however uses facial expressions to make fun of him. This reflects the characters of Mr Bennet and Mr Bakshi, Mr Bennet takes a more serious approach where Mr Bakshi uses childish gestures. Furthermore Bollywood has also made a change with the reaction of Darcy when he meets Mr Kholi. In the BBC adaptation Mr Collins introduces himself to Darcy and talks about his self, Darcy walks away and ignores him in contrast, Darcy is introduced to Mr Kholi and does not ignore him. As shown by Mr Bennet and Mr Bakshi this is a reflection of Darcys characters, Darcy in the BBC adaptation is confident enough to be able to walk away but Darcy in the Bollywood adapt ation is not, as he is a country he does not know he is polite to everyone. The reaction of people towards Mr Collins/Kholi reveals a lot about his character he is someone who tries to be touristed by knowing everyone and likes to be well thought of.One relationship, which has been fitted and changed considerably, is the Lydia/ lucky relationship. Adapted for Bollywood are a number of scenes where the main action takes place. In the BBC adaptation the scenes take place after Wickham and Lydia have eloped and are living in a grotty bedsit, this has changed for Bollywood and is replaced by scenes in domain places e.g. fairground, motion-picture show and the main scene where well-disposed and Wickham go out for the day in London. The scene has been changed for Bollywood because lucky and Wickham are not actually together yet and it is the lead up for Lucky finding out at long last who Wickham really is after pursuit by Darcy and Lalita. This change has been made for the witne sser to look at their relationship in two different ways, in the BBC adaptation Lydia and Wickham have to stay in bedsit which is far form luxury, this shows how their relationship is very shameful in the 19th century. In contrast to this Lucky and Wickham meet at very public places, their relationship seems very open and would not be seen wrong in the public nor the viewers eye, but the viewer understands Wickham is a badly man.The use of media effects in both adaptations is strong. The camera effects in both adaptations are similar, in the BBC adaptation medium shots and close ups are used to give the viewer a more intimate view of Lydia and Wickham. It shows shots of Lydia running around the bedsit and close ups of Wickhams facial expressions to the viewer to tell them he is not happy about the situation. In the Bollywood adaptation the camera plays a very important part in the chase that occurs between Wickham, Lucky, Lalita and Darcy. The camera use close ups and medium shots of the couples, and glances between the two parties. It also uses close ups of Wickham glancing back to see if they are still being chased. The camera follows Lucky and Wickham but blurs out the background to give the viewer an impression of how soft it would be to lose them in a crowd. The lighting effect in the BBC adaptation gives the atmosphere of a dark room and uses underlighting, the only easy light source the viewer can see is the daylight glide slope through the window. Two different types of lighting is used in the Bollywood adaptation however, the first toplighting used in the chase to create a bright, modern setting for the viewer. This contrast however when Lucky and Wickham go into the cinema, the lighting is backlighting from the cinema screen and also presents to the audience that Wickham is trying to hide.Costume has also been changed considerably, the BBC adaptation use typical dress for the 19th century but change it from formal wear to very inappropriate wear in the bedsit. Lydia wears a nightdress and Wickham stays in his uniform but un-tucked his shirt and his boots are undone, this is to represent the seediness of their relationship and how wrong it was in the 19th century. Lucky and Wickham are the same in that Lucky tries to rebel against her Indian culture, like the rules set out in the 19th century, in the scene where Lucky and Lydia meet in London she wears tight jeans and a cropped top and makes no effort to show her Indian roots. Wickham also wears clothes that are very casual and he looks like a traveller, this is in contrast to Darcys clothes which are smart, and reveals that Wickham may not be the good character as seen by Lalita and Lucky. The costumes in both adaptations have been translated to represent the character in the same way but to show the change in different cultures and times. Lydia and Lucky wear clothes seen as normal and traditional but try to show their flirty ways by tighter clothes but in other scenes the y rebel completely. In Lydias case she wears a very inappropriate nightdress and Lucky wears modern, tight clothes. It is the same for Wickham too Wickham is always put in as the opposite of Darcy who is very formal unlike Wickham who wears an officer uniform or travellers clothes, this is also to show Wickham is not like Darcy and a bad character. Bollywood have adapted Wickham to become a traveller to be a modern representation of the BBC Wickham who becomes an officer because he has no money.In the scenes of Lydia/Lucky and Wickham the audience can see a lot about their character. Lydia and Lucky both are flirtatious, young girls who are unaware of consequences of their actions this is displayed through Lydias obsession of the officers and her elopement and Lydia through her constant attention seeking of Wickham. Wickham also plays the handsome man well in both adaptations, his rough look in contrast to Darcy should also tell the viewer he is not as he seems.There are many things left out of the Bollywood adaptation that are in the BBC one. In the Bollywood adaptation we see Lucky and Wickham develop a relationship and meet up on occasions, this does not happen with the BBC as Lydia and Wickham, by chance, meet in Brighton and make a quick decision. This is to show the change in times and controversy of what Lydia and Wickham did, also it is not believable that Lucky and Wickham would have gone to London on just one meeting. The chase of lucky and Wickham also adds to the tension and thrill for the audience, this makes the viewer think, will they be caught?There is also one major difference between the BBC and Bollywood adaptation, the ending. In the BBC adaptation Darcy pays Wickham to Marry Lydia and therefore not bringing shame on the Bennets, in the Bollywood adaptation Wickham and Lydia are caught by Darcy and Lalita and Wickham is seen for the real man he is. This has been changed for the Bollywood adaptation for the happy ending that happens in Bolly wood films, it would not be on the whole like a Bollywood film if Lucky ended up with the bad man and not be happy.In conclusion the BBC and Bollywood adaptations of Pride and Prejudice have been made very differently. The title of the Bollywood adaptation has been changed to Bride and Prejudice to reflect the difference in the Indian culture, the main personality of the characters have stayed the same in both adaptations, costumes have been changed to reflect the difference in cultures and times yet kept so the characters traits can be seen, the contrast in settings shows the different countries and a different way in life and the change in the storyline reflects the difference in times, countries and culture.The setting of the story has been changed as the film wants to show the restrictions on 19th century marriage still coincide with the Indian view on marriages today, the characters traits were kept the same to show how they could be brought into the present day but changed sl ightly in their costumes, mannerisms and they way people see them. As the characters are represented through their costumes, the wealth of the families is too, the costumes have been changed in the Bollywood adaptation to traditional Indian costumes but they show the contrast to the expensive clothes of the Balraj sister compared to the Bakshi sisters. This is also the same for the Bingley sister and Bennet sisters in the BBC adaptation.I preferred the Bollywood adaptation. This is because it is not as serious as the BBC adaptation it is more vibrant, colourful and loud. The singing and dancing breaks up the film and the comedy also puts more life into the story. The BBC adaptation is too long and does not keep my attention as much as the other. Another reason why I preferred the Bollywood adaptation was the costumes and peeled surroundings, the Indian culture is very bold and this made it more pleasurable to watch.

Conflicts That Arise from Particular Ways of Seeing the World Are Made Evident Through the Shaping of Texts-Barry Levinson’s Film “Wag the Dog” and Michael Moore’s Documentary “Fahrenheit 9/11” Essay

Conflicts that arise from exceptional guidances of exiting the instauration ar made evident through the shaping of texts. In Barry Levinsons film Wag the Dog and Michael Moores documental Fahrenheit 9/11, it is clear that the perspectives in which the auditory sense views the orb create feature conflicts. In both texts, the conflicting perspectives arise from the way the nave familiar views the world and the way that the politics and media view the world through their particular agendas.In Wag the Dog, the plot relies on the alleged intimate impropriety of the president and the way in which particular political powers and the media intervene. In the film it is clear that the earshot is seeing two perspectives, that of the overt and the private. Though, in the film, Levinson draws the audience in to the political powers. Through the motif of the omnipresent boob tube covert and the intent of double images and sounds, the audience is able to see the media and governmen ts manipulation. Though this is sidelined by Conrad Breans rhetorical drumhead of what conflict does it make if its true?. This question further allows the audience to run into the manipulative techniques of certain power players and the way in which they see the world. The word picture of Brean and his costuming of a ratty jacket, battered hat, bow-ties with striped clashing shirts, gives him a deceptive appearance of incompetence and harmlessness. As a figure he would go unnoticed. The dramatic irony is that the audience knows that he is not harmless, but in fact that he is more powerful than the ambiguous President himself. Levinson juxtaposes this fibre with the individualisedity of Winifred Ames to show that level those who seem to be in power, heretofore to themselves, atomic number 18 in reality blind to what is really going on. The use of extreme high-angle close-up shots indicates Breans superiority and power as an authoritative figure. Here, the audience is able to see the spin-doctors side of the conflict and a particular way of seeing the world is presented.The other perspective of the film is that of the nave macrocosm who succumb to the government and medias images. The audience is extremely aware of thisthrough the use of the Albanian girlfriend scene w here through filming and editing, the American pot are manipulated into believing a lie. Levinson uses dramatic irony here to emphasise this point to the viewers, who know what the public in the film do not. Breans assertion of we are giving them what they want is indicative of a public who remember the slogans but dont remember the wars. As Brean satirises the perspective of the outsiders the view in which the American people see the world is seen, especially through the use of the Albanian girl where the audience literally sees what the audience in the film sees and believes. As Brean uses repeating in referring to the Gulf War of 91, the audience witnesses the verisimilitude that the public so considerably succumbs to. Though, his character is portrayed in a different light at the end of the film through the death of Stanley Motts. In this scene his character shifts to that of a menacing, powerful figure. Even though the audience is aware of his meaning and power throughout the entire film, the fact that he is the one that orders for Motts to be killed further extrapolates on the idea that the public is nave to image, as even the audience watching the film believes that the character of Brean would not commit such(prenominal) an act. As a close-up is utilised at a high angle, high-key excitation shows the authority and clear facial expression of this once benign figure. Here, the audience sees a view of the world not through the government or the public, but through the eyes of the someone who is really in control. The primary(prenominal) conflict that arises in this case is that of reality against appearance.The documentary Fahrenheit 9/11 serves as a treatise against the Bush administration, and highlights what Moore sees as governmental depravity and disinformation by the former president and his staff. He draws the audience into his view of the world at the time of Bushs presidency to do so. He uses graphic violence of real war-zone footage with formal White House dinners to spring up certain reactions to audience. As these images flash before the viewers eyes, they are able to clearly see through Moores perspective. By juxtaposing iconic symbols and video montages of the former President Bush against war scenes and emotional personal interviews, Moore develops his perspective of events, against the perspective of the government that the public received. One of the most hard-hitting scenes in the documentary that Moore uses to reel the audience in to his perspective is when the screen cuts to black for nearly 2 minutes. There is no image on the screen, but the background sounds are instantly recognizable loud explosions, r oar sirens, screaming people, news reports of aircraft hitting the World Trade Center and lachrymose women. Through the use of diegetic sound, Moore deftly manipulates his audience, forcing them to relive the tragic events of 9/11 in their own minds. The first words spoken in the documentary are Was it all just a dream?. This rhetorical question relates to Wag the Dog and the fight of reality versus appearance, as an ordinary person displays their point of view against people in power. This shows his side of the story, and as the paper continues he aims to show the perspective of the people in power. Here, two perspectives are shown, though unlike Wag the Dog, the audience sees the view of the public instead of the views of power players.Through the ability of these two texts in show the notion that appearance is not always reality, the audience can see that conflicts arise from particular ways of seeing the world. Whether that be the eyes of the public, or the eyes of the govern ment, the ideas in these texts powerfully reveal such conflicts.

Plan for the Development of Future Situations Requiring Leadership Essay

This assignment is to development a strategicalal leading development plan. There includes to report the CEO regarding the review the strategic centering and leadinghip of the geological formation. In on-going blank space, Myanmar is in the transition period in both political and scotch surface. The treaty of ASEAN free disdain theater which ordain start stuporing Myanmar from 2015 is a ch any(a)enge for Myanmar SMEs. As usual consequences of change, bandage some bequeath benefits from it, some will face setbacks. As the current g overnment is one of the SMEs in Myanmar, change oversight which is adaptable for the situation of Myanmar has to be do. what is to a greater extent(prenominal) the system has to prepargon for the changes and for adapting somatic and up to affiance c atomic number 18 solicitude system.Organization Profile KKK is a manufacturer of authentic Myanmar conventional aliments including various kinds of pre-packed ready-made ingredients f or conventional curry. Their crossings argon positioned at the high discontinue of the market in depots of both quality and price. Head piece of KKK is situated in 78th Street, Mandalay. Manufacturing Plant is situated in Chan Aye Tar point Industrial zone. The Plant is operating with about 400 employees from top to asshole form operation. KKK has been in business now for cinque years and has gr protest in popularity. What was once a business tar raging solely the Myanmar traditional sustenance community has grown into a business that has far broader appeal.KKK has several objectives that they will achieve to maximise shargon of local anesthetic market in pre-packed regimen for thought assiduity within the next trinity years. The stolon is an ontogenesis in gross revenue r individu onlyying five jet Lakhs byYearly from local market. KKK excessively would analogous to achieve swinish margins to be above 55%. KKK also hopes to gather in 20 incompatible upshot s that will distribute their product. Yangon outlet is the first step of these objectives lastly the organization is to become known as the premier authentic Myanmar traditional nutrition producer internationally with an ever-expanding geographical distribution bea.Task-11.1Explaining the standoff between strategic counselling and leading strategical heedStrategic focussing is all about identification and description of the strategies that managers send word incorporate so as to achieve wear out performance and a competitory advantage for their organization. An organization is said to claim competitive advantage if its positiveness is higher than the average shekels force for all companies in its sedulousness. Strategic management is a continuous process that evaluates and controls the business and the industries in which an organization is knotted evaluatesits competitors and sets finiss and strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors and then reeval uates strategies on a regular hindquarters to happen how it has been implemented and whether it was fortunate or does it inescapably replacement. (www.managementstudyguide.com, Strategic management) leadThe ability of a companys management to make sound decisions and inspire others to perform well. trenchant leading argon able to set and achieve challenging goals, to shorten blue-belly and decisive exertion even in difficult situations, to outperform their competition, to take calculated risks and to persevere in the face of failure. Strong communication skills, self-confidence, the ability to manage others and a willingness to embrace change also characterize life- little terrorening lead. ( www.investopedia.com, terms leading) A simple definition of leading is that lead is the art of motivating a assort of concourse to act towards achieving a common goal.( www.sbinfo ignoreada.about.com, lead)The link between strategic management and loss leadingStrategic decisi ons are crucial for the growth and development of any organizastion and qualify according to divergent management and contrastive leadership personalized manners. The change is the serve of leadership and strategic decisions means decisions leading to substantial changes in management processes. Hence, Strategic focusing and lead are closely related or in other words, inseparable. In fact, the terms leadership and strategic management are interchangeable beca mathematical function a leader performs key function handle initiating, planning, supporting, controlling, evaluating, etc. Their other responsibilities include building, developing maintaining a group and achieving a common goal by keeping the unmarried fragment of the squad motivated. As strategic leaders, top level managers moldiness guide the besotted in a focussings that resolution in formation of strategic intent and strategic mission. This guidance whitethorn lead to goals that stretch everyone in the organization to improve their performance.Griffin,R.W.1999 Strategic management is a process of coordinate technological, financial, material and human preferences of an organization for enabling it and its stakeholders in achieving stipulated target expeditiously and efficaciously.Strategicmanagement is a wide term in relation to leadership as far as scopes are concerned because leadership is in the first place limited to organizing, subscribeing and supporting individuals or the human resource in order to achieve the stipulated goal whereas strategic management refers to all resources within an organization. Strategic leadership plays key authority in answering to the challenges which businesses suck in to face due to rapid changes in technology, growing competition and globalization. (www.mbadissertations.blogspot.com, link between strategic management) Strategic objectives of KKK is to maximize share of local market in pre-packed food industry within the next three year s. The first is an increase in sales reaching five thousand Lakhs by Yearly from local market. KKK also would like to achieve gross margins to be above 55%. KKK also hopes to have 20 disparate outlets that will distribute their product.Yangon outlet is the first step of these objectives lastly the organization is to become known as the premier authentic Myanmar traditional food producer internationally with an ever-expanding geographic distribution area. To achieve the strategic goal of the organization, there are should be ways for leaders attempt to get the objectives. Leaders subjective do to be strategic management. First of all, depth psychology upon current and upcoming situation has to be made. In analysing current situation, grind away analysis, PEST analysis techniques notify be used. Current situation of Myanmar is a lot of challenges. But very near in future, due to the AFTA of ASEAN business from all over the world enter Myanmar and SMEs in Myanmar have to spate with business form ASEAN countries. Our business, traditional food manufacturing and distribution industry has already got much competitive advantage than other industries because the business is based upon traditional food.Leaders of KKK food manufacturing company has to analyze the strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats for the current and situation of Myanmar and unconnected market and have to analyze political, economic, social and technological analysis along with the analysis of the internal and external environment of the organization to meet the strategic objectives. In making analysis the current system and infrastructure of KKK food manufacturing has to be considered. More employees pauperisation to be trained and more than materials have to be required. To open branch offices, communication and cooperation with authorities has to be made. The leaders has to considered whether the raw materials pot provision thedemand of the market and transportation narrow down idler be supply the raw in cadence or not.The leader has to consider the competitors strategy in current market. And then decision is the second important matter. In manufacturing, the advanced machine like pugilism machine, mixing machine and creatoring machines must be mounted to be more productive. And strategic shop floor management for human resources must be implemented. In Pricing and stigmatisation strategies, distinctiate with let loose- embody strategy is capable for local market. Focus for only traditional strategy is also adequate. Moreover leaders are required to allocate the necessary resources and to design the organization to intended strategy to reality. The leader of KKK food manufacturing should attempt to get the objectives by the following ways in the diagram.Product plan/development foodstuff analysisDistributionSupply chainInfrastructureManufacturingRaw materialsbrandingPromotionLead generationChannel salesDirect salesCustomer serviceWarranty supp ortPricingCustomer retention.1.2 Analyzing the impact of leadership flares and management on strategic decisionsThere are five main types of leadership trends like Autocratic, Bureaucratic, Charismatic, antiauthoritarian, Laissez- faire, etc. (Richard L.H. and Katherine C. B. 2005) 1. Autocratic leadership bolt when the leaders use absolute powers in making decisions. This is more familiar in military and Adolf Hitler is a sizable example of it. In corporate world, United Aviation Services (Dubai) is known for high-and-mighty leadership. 2. Bureaucratic leadership when the leader follows the strict theories of leadership defined in books. This style is followed where base hit measures are prominent specially take a craping on machines. 3. Charismatic leadership When the followers are exceedingly inspired by the leader and confide blindly in their leader. Mahatma Gandhi was a Charismatic leader. 4. Democratic leadership When police squad members are included in decision making by the leader. This helps in building team spirit and motivating all by increase trust, skill and confidence.5. Laissez-faire leadership When the leader leaves the team members to take decisions n their own and monitors them. This is applicable with effective and capable teams. ( D.D.Warrick Journal of Experiential schooling and simulation 1981 ) The culture of KKK Company is manufacturing and distribution. Currently, most of the functions in the firm exercises bureaucratic leadership style. In sidereal day to day manufacturing operation, distribution and office play practices Bureaucratic Leadership Style. This style seem to be effective because employees are performing routine tasks over and over. Employees need to chthonicstand certain standards or procedures. They are croaking with chancy or delicate equipment that requires a certain(prenominal) set of procedures to operate. In manufacturing area, safety or security training is beingness conducted.Employees are pe rforming tasks that require treatment cash. In all day to day operation of KKK food manufacturing, bureaucratic leadership style is shortly exercises. The consequence of the current leadership style of KKK is that the organization suffers from slow development to get to the objectives of the organization. In making strategic decisions in manufacturing team the employees felt up frustrated and increase turnover rate and absenteeism. In office work and transaction work, the style effects the occurring of theloop whole. The employees feel boring in working environment and also is suffering from increasing turnover rate. So excising bureaucratic style purely in the whole organizing occur slow development to reach the goal.1.3 Evaluating how leadership styles can be adapted to antithetic situationsLeadership styles adapted to different situations. It is evident from the various scenario of the given that different leadership styles are required to be adapted in different situation.Aut ocratic Leadership StyleThis leadership style has been greatly criticized during the former(prenominal) 30 years. It is the most effective style in the following situations New, uncultivated employees who do not know which tasks to perform or which procedures follow Effective super wad can be provided only through detailed orders and instruction manual There are high-volume fruit needs on a quotidian basis There is limited time in which to make a decisionFor example, Militaries of the countries, and training sections of the firm follow autocratic leadership styles. For the organization of KKK manufacturing, this style should be followed in training section under the HR department so that the new assigned employees can understand the procedures and can sacrifice in their day to day operation exactly. By applying autocratic in training section, mistakes and risks occurred by newly assigned employees can be reduced in mass manufacturing environment.Bureaucratic Leadership Sty leThis style can be effective when* Employees are performing routine tasks over and over.* Employees need to understand certain standards or procedures.* Employees are working with dangerous or delicate equipment that requires a definite set of procedures to operate.* Safety or security training is being conducted.* Employees are performing tasks that require handling cash.For example, audit firms, and engineering firms, mass production factories are apply the bureaucratic leadership style. For KKK food manufacturing, the bureaucratic leadership style is adapted in production firms so that the routine jobs can be efficient and effective. Operators must follow the production procedure and standards. Employees in production department must handle dangerous equipments like packing, blending, cutting machines and delicate materials like food which must need to be hygiene.Democratic Leadership StyleDemocratic leadership is suitable for the situation of high quality and high measure work for long periods of time. Many employees like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation, team spirit, and high virtuouse. For example, arts entrainment firms like broadcasting TV and piano tuner channels, firms based on advanced technology like Apple and Microsoft apply he classless leadership style. For KKK food manufacturing, democratic style leadership style is adequate in office work and long term strategy. In top level management strategic decision making, the style is appropriate.Laissez-Faire Leadership StyleThe leadership style is appropriate under the situation of * Employees are highly skilled, experienced, and educated. * Employees have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own. * Outside experts, such(prenominal) as staff specialists or consultants are being used * Employees are received and experienced.For example, industries like hotel and hospitality, dealing with experienced vendors, dealing with audit firms and legal consu ltant firms need to be practiced the leadership style. For our organization, KKK, we must deal with vendors like Unilever food solution for the take of training the employees and promoting the manufacturing procedure in line with international food manufacturing procedures. In dealing with outside experts, staff specialists and consultants the laissez-fair leadership style is effective.Task22.1reviewing the impact that selected theories of management and leadership have on organisational strategyLeadershipLeadership is a process of giving purpose to collective stew, and causing willing effort to be expended to achieve purpose. (Jacobs and Jaques , 1990, pg 281) Leadership is the ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organization. (House et al, 1999, pg 184) every(prenominal) leaders attempt to achieve organizational objectives through other people ( their subordinates) on their own ways. Famous examples of charismatic or autocratic leaders are Winston Churchill, Bill Clinton, Mother Teresa and Adolph Hitler. They used their authority in highly manner and by structured set of reward and management. A storied example of bureaucratic leader is Paul Tetu Sr. and Paul Tetu jr. motor bike production in America.The leaders enforce their subordinates to rule. Carlos Ghosn (born 9 March 1954) President and chief executives officer of Renault, France and CEO of Nissaan, Japan, has the style of democratic leadership. He always empowers his employees to take decision. He provided his employees challenges to perform better at the same time made them realized that he certain(p) them and their capabilities. Another famous leader who applied the Laissez-fair style is Mahatma Gandhi, National leader of India.All authority or power given to the people and they determine goals make the decisions, and resolve problems on their own. So, many leaders apply different leadership strategy throu gh their people on their own way according to the situations. There are several theories of management and leadership on organizational strategy like Great Man theories, Trait theories, behavioristic theory, Situational leadership, Contingency theory, Transactional Theory, transformational theory, etc. Different organizations are influenced by different theories of management and leadership.John Adairs Action Centred Leadership (Greatman Theory)Source www.adventuremas.com, Innovations in Management DevelopmentTaskLeadership actions to achieve the Task include* define the task and keeping it clear* Clarifying fit of the task to the more global vision and mission* Identifying resources and developing options* Establishing priorities, time frames, and specific plans of action* Establishing systems for communication* Implementing plans and responding positively to change* Assessing progress and considering contingencies on an ongoing basis TeamLeadership actions to Build and Maintain the Team include* Involving team members to generate alignment* Soliciting ideas and building on them* Establishing roles* Optimizing the exchange of information* observe the teams process and dynamics* Resolving conflict* Recognizing team successesIndividualLeadership actions to Empower Individuals include* Encouraging varying viewpoints* harvesting ideas* Allocating responsibilities to capitalize on individual strengths and develop individuals* Listening* Facilitating and giving feedback* assign when it can be effective* Counseling and encouraging individuals(www.adventuremas.com, Innovations in Management Development)Three Dimensions TheoryThere are three dimensions to effective leadership, each of which is within the control of the individual leader, and each of which can be substantial through appropriate support and guidance. Effective leadership is about developing your ability in each of the three dimensions and then choosing to apply your skills and abilities in a equ ilibrate, three-dimensional way.Source (www.mapleassociates.com, Simon Batty MBA MCMI three-dimensional Leadership the balanced approach)Each dimension is of equal importance, which means that leaders who have development needs in one or more of the dimensions, will display behaviours that indicate an opportunity for improvement. Simply developing an already real dimension will not work a strength overplayed can become a weakness.ValuesThe first dimension of leadership is that of values. These are the internal thoughts that influence the way a leader views the world near them. Some values are deeply embedded in our moral framework. For example, they guide us in the difference between right and wrong, good or bad. Developed as we progress through childhood, are increasingly challenging to change or modify, as we grow older.EffectivenessIn order to lead people effectively, the individual leader must first be able to self-manage. This means that they must be personally effective in performing key tasks. Time management (or rather, effective use of time), is a prime example. Leaders who fail to light upon and manage their own priorities are unlikely to help team members do any better. worsened still, they whitethorn feel threatened by a team member who is more accomplished in this basic management skill than they are. wreakIt is important to note that truly influential leaders are not necessarily those who are seeking the popular vote. Leaders who use their personal charisma, or popularity, to motivate and influence, whilst neglecting to develop their values or effectiveness dimensions, need to beware of the following, How the mighty fall when the popular vote disappears Charm may work for a while, but real credibility and lever are based upon the ability to deliver results in all areas. (www.mapleassociates.com, Simon Batty MBA MCMI Three-Dimensional Leadership the balanced approach)Transformational TheoryTransformational leadership theory is all about lead ership that creates positive change in the followers whereby they take care of each others interests and act in the interests of the group as a whole. James MacGregor Burns first brought the concept of transformational leadership to prominence in his grand research into leadership. The four components of the transformational leadership style are (1) Charisma or idealized influence the degree to which the leader behaves in admirable ways and displays convictions and takes stands that cause followers to identify with the leader who has a clear set of values and acts as a role model for the followers. (2) Inspirational motivation the degree to which the leader articulates a vision that is appeals to and inspires the followers with optimism about future goals, and offers meaning for the current tasks in hand.(3) bright stimulation the degree to which the leader challenges assumptions, stimulates and encourages creativity in the followers by providing a framework for followers to s ee how they connect to the leader, the organization, each other, and the goal they can creatively overcome any obstacles in the way of the mission. (4) Personal and individual attention the degree to which the leader attends to each individual followers needs and acts as a mentor or coach and gives respect to and appreciation of the individuals contribution to the team. This fulfills and enhances each individual team members need for self-fulfillment, and self-worth and in so doing inspires followers to further achievement and growth. (www.ezinearticles.com, Stephen Warrilow Transformational Leadership Theory The 4 Key Components in Leading qualifying & Managing Change)Source Model of Transformational Leadership, www.managementstudyguide.com For the selected organization KKK transformational leadership theory,2.2Creating a leadership strategy that supports organizational direction Transformational theory has much in common. The theory focuses on attempting to explain how leaders can accomplish extraordinary things against the odds, such as turning around a falling company, founding a successful company. The theories also emphasize the importance of leaders inspiring subordinates admiration, dedication, and undisputed loyaltythrough articulating a clear and compelling vision. Utilizing the theory can be the positive impact on our organization needs restructuring and reengineering in leadership and management. Transforming to corporate culture must be implemented.If possible mergers, acquisition, crossroads ventures have to be established. The above three theories, John Adairs theory, 3D theory and transformational leadership must be adequately mixed and applied in our organization. Through employees, utilizing appropriate leadership style in different sections, individuals engages with each other and is able to create a connection that result in increased motivation and morality in both followers and leaders. Leaders can also initiate, develop, and impleme nt important changes in a confidence, extroversion, and understand the value of the organization. Our changing strategy is to meet the requirement of the time of AFTA (2015) and can get competitive advantage in food manufacturing industry via traditional food.ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)AFTA is a free trade zone in Southeast Asia where member countries include Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia and Brunei. The AFTA agreement supports the effort to relax trade barriers amongst member countries in order to achieve direct trade benefits.The purpose of a study analysis of the manufacturing industry is to identify the key factors that affect the success of the industry. The four factors considered a part of a SWOT analysis are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. A SWOT analysis estimates the risks for a particular industry.1. Strengths* The strengths of the manufacturing industry are that it is relatively stable. Althoug h the demand for manufacturing tends to fluctuate with the ups and downs of the economy, it is characterized by regular periods of recovery following any downturns. Moreover, manufacturing has become highly efficient over the last century, with the ability to maximize both the productivity of the workers and machines to maximize profits.Weaknesses* A weakness of the manufacturing industry is that much of it is built on the production of non-essential goods. This means that a severe downturn in the economy can have a crippling effect on it. Another weakness is that it is a ripe industry. This means that there is heavy competition and elflike room for growth. As a result, the manufacturing industry can be a cash cow for those who are already in it but may be unattractive to new entrants.* Sponsored Links* Software Metrics prevention your IT for a competitive advantage. Learn more.davidconsultinggroup.com/MetricsOpportunities* Opportunities in the manufacturing industry are in the te chnology and bio-technology areas. These are growing market segments with higher profit margins. Additionally, they are knowledge-dependent market segments that require highly specialized workers, which makes it difficult for low wage countries to compete in this market segment, thereby providing an edge to more industrialized countries. Foreign markets with a growing middle class are providing opportunities for technology and bio-technology manufacturers to increase their profitability through exports.Threats* The largest threats to the manufacturing industry in create nations are from low wage countries. The low stipend of these countries have made it impossible for many businesses in developed nations to compete, requiring them to either close or move overseas to find cheap labor. Increasingly, India is an even bigger threat to the manufacturing industry, with its ability to supply highly educated workers at low wages to fill roles in the high-tech manufacturing market segment. Read more SWOT Analysis of Manufacturing Industry eHow.com http//www.ehow.com/about_6767951_swot-analysis-manufacturing-industry.htmlixzz2HdkmsvMX1. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and ThreatsSTRENGTHS Some expenditure on food is essential for everyone and is considered an established part of the household budget. Many food products are deemed necessities and are unlikely to be harshly affected by any economic downturn. It is discretionary spending that is usually badly hit in a recession, which is, therefore, more likely to harm sales of luxury foods. The UK has a well-established supply structure, in terms of both its production base for meat, dairy products, late and processed vegetables, bakery products and fish, in particular and its network of retail outlets mainly in the form of major multiples. Following a period of extensive rationalisation and restructuring, the UK food industry can now benefit from more focused businesses and generally more efficient supply ch ains. The food-processing sector has also benefited from consolidation, which has created more vertically integrated companies and more economies of scale. Consumer demands for convenience have served to increase the opportunities for foodretailing, which are no longer confined to the traditional food outlets or to daylight hours. As well as minimising missed opportunities, it also enables the industry to capitalise on impulse purchasing. In such a mature industry, the competitive pressure on suppliers ensures a high degree of product innovation.WEAKNESSES Few brands enjoy high levels of consumer loyalty and in certain sectors, such as cereals, bread and yoghurt, it is particularly limited. As a result, product chemise and the growth of own labels are harming sales of some brands. The buying power of the large supermarket chains, and their demand for lower-priced supplies, has put further pressures on food-industry margins especially on producers operating in commodity sectors, such as milk. (It is possible that future EU legislation will prevent the sale of goods below cost price and will set a 2.

Is It True That Acting Quickly and Instinctively Is the Best Response to a Crisis Essay

A world who waits to believe in carry through before moulding is anything you like, but he is non a man of legal action. It is as if a tennis worker before returning the ball stopped to think about his views of the visible and mental advantages of tennis. You must act as you breathe. Georges Clemenceau Is it true that acting promptly and instinctively is the best response to a crisis? Or are in that location times when an urgent situation requires a more careful musing and a slower response?Differentiating circumstances determine the best cross of action to take whether it is a carefully constructed and slower response or a quick instinctive reaction to a crisis it all depends on the level of urgency and time and resources available. Literature and history have sh suffer how incompatible responses may have a positive or negative outcome. Events of the ult illustrate what type of response is the best for certain situations such as the carrying out cardiopulmonary resusci tation or the planned escape of Romeo and Juliet in the lend Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare or the response to the Statess division in 1860 over the possession of African American slaves resulting in the American civilised War of 1861-1865.Situations which may determine life or death with a very short time span available always make a quick, urgent and instinctive response. A response like unrivaled to perform CPR on a stranger suffering a cardiac arrest, this response is initiated by the natural human instinct to defend and save anothers life. An urgent situation such as this one has only one response method and that is one of action as acclaimed by Georges Clemenceau as every second wasted adds to the orifice of death of the patient.Many situations especially those involving relationships need an objectively assessed response planned, a response with an absence of subjective emotion. The play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare exemplifies this notion. The two l overs act passionately out of emotion and adoration for the other that they do not fully consider the outcomes and results of their actions. In this scenario either an objective observer or a rational decision from an insider needs to occur to determine their paths of action. Because they some(prenominal)(prenominal) acted irrationally and emotionally influenced it resulted in the eventual heartbreaking demise of both Romeo and Juliet.History proves the embody the ideals of planned responses as a course of action to an urgent situation like one of divided nationalism and future anarchy. Close to the start of the American Civil War in 1861, America was divided between the southern states defending their right to slavery of African Americans and the rest of the country. The southern states in general rebelled against Lincolns leaders and denied his authority over them leading to imminent anarchy that he was force to go to war in order to reassert that authority and lead and unite the country. Up until this present daylight it is still debatable whether he should or should not have gone to war but it opens up the questions and the possibilities of a calmer planned response.The atrocities of the American Civil War shed glisten on the ideals of a slower planned reaction to the crisis. However it is undisputable that either response, instinctive or planned, would have both effective and deleterious effects on the country but to what extent is the question. History, literature and day to day tales of crises and solutions have taught us that the time of response to a mischance required is entirely dependent on that certain circumstance and its own level of urgency and time and resources accessible.

Kate Chopin “The story of an hour”

Kate Chopin, in her short- explanation the story of an minute, presents to the reader the frustration of a woman who is suppressed by her hubbys will. In six feet of the country, Nadine Gordimer faces how time changes a alliance between a husband and married woman. Although both these stories do not gift negative or villain founts, they have elements which show mundane difficulties of free-and-easy life. Both the stories intricately depict the complexities in married life, arising forth of restrictions in freedom and feeling of discontent in each opposites company. This may cause one to ponder that the evil does not necessarily lie in the minds of married people, barely in the institution of wedding party itself.When the main character Louise in the story of an hour is informed of the expiry of her husband, the readers mind is conditioned to expect tremendous trouble and sorrow. She rushes into her room with tears and locks herself up. However, after the initial jounce , she feels extremely free. She is relieved that she does not have to feel suppressed anymore. She gazes out of the window and looks forward to the innocent joys of life. The start of spring season is meant to indicate the end of her stifling coupling and the dawn of a new beginning in her life. The line And withal she loved him sometimes (Chopin 8) shows that her husband was not necessarily a naughty somebody. She just wants to consist for herself, without the kneeling down to the whim of her husband.Until that day, she feared how she was going to live a painfully long life of repression. But, now she hopes to live a long life to savor life and cherish her long-lost freedom. The phrase A kind intention or a cruel intention make the act seem no less a crime (Chopin 8) goes to show that the bond of marriage causes one another to pose undue restrictions on each others personal freedoms. Louise is overjoyed with her new-found appreciation for life, but fate strikes back when her s upposedly dead husband returns back without a scratch in his body. This eventually turns out to be one shock in addition many for Louise, as she suffers from a fatal heart attack. But, the pay back consoles everyone by axiom that Louises heart was shocked by the happiness of seeing her husband awake(p).Feature Article Short StoryThe cream of the Sleeping BeautyIn six feet of the country, Nadine Gordimer tells the tale of a married face cloth man in apartheid-stricken South Africa. The story revolves around a heap of themes including a dysfunctional marriage, urban vs. town life, bureaucracy and racial oppression. The profound character and his wife own a farm. He is really not good at farming and hence the wife takes care of the farm. The wife expects more of out of her husband and immediately expresses her disapproval when he fails to do so.The husband, on the other hand, feels inadequate and is not entirely satisfied with his career. But, he just continues to live his li fe filled with frequent disputes with his wife. He quite a is critical of his wife being messy and says I had come seat and been infuriated to find her in a pair of filthy doddery sacks and her hair uncombed (Gordimer 122), while the same did not seem too unattractive a few years back. This shows that marriages over time faeces get monotonous and boring. Although this might seem quite a misanthropic view of life, it is an honest portrayal of the unbent nature of human beings.One night, a smuggled immigrant boy dies of pneumonia. But, during the funeral, it is uncovered that a different body was handed-over to them, indicating bureaucratic lapses in the government. His wife compels him to be more helpful and communicative, which essentially goes against his true nature and will. Although he is reluctant to stand up against his own head for the hills, he represses his own will to please his wife and tries to help his black employees by petitioning against the administration bu t eventually gives up. The husband character feels mazed and disgusted not only at the bureaucratic system, but to a fault at the system of marriage that keeps him tied down.Chopin uses symbolism as an effective tool to convey the protagonists deepest emotions. The phrase comfortable, roomy armchair signifies that Louise has recognized the death of her husband and prepared to live a free life. The informant also ends the story by sprinkling a dash of irony. When Louise comes out of the room after mourning the death of her husband, she walks out as a new person full of hope. But, the fact that her husband is still alive kills her dream of being free from the treachery of married of life. On the other hand, Gordimer uses metaphor effectively in six feet of the country. The main character says she and Petrus both kept their eyes on me as I spoke, and, queerly for those moments they looked exactly alike.(Gordimer 124) The eyes look alike to the husband because he feels wo and guil t for letting down his wife and his black employee.Both the stories emphasize the saying Marriage is the only war where you sleep with the enemy. However, Chopins the story of an hour gives a much deeper insight into a married persons psyche and thus stands as stronger evidence for the aforementioned iterate compared to six feet of the country by Gordimer. Although the latter also has several elements describing marital problems, it tends to mainly focus on issues racial discrimination and other social problems. Nonetheless, both the stories effectively show how a common man or woman is stifled by institutions such as marriage and societal pressures.Works CitedChopin, Kate. (1894). The story of an Hour. The International Story An Anthology with Guidelines for Reading and Writing closely Fiction.Gordimer, Nadine. (1986). Six feet of the country. Anthology of Short Stories.

Crime and Society Crime Is the Result of Individuals Making Choices to Commit Crime Essay

Running Head offensive and ordination CCJ181 annoyance is the import of nearbodys qualification choices to come in uprightness-breaking it is non the result of their social flock. Discuss this state ment. This paper will address sociological theories relating to why a mortal pick outs a wicked. It has been suggested that a individual may draw certain umbrages for sparing reasons and to stick out for their families. Their personal luck and status in society might be the reason why a person feels their only option is to aim in criminal behaviour. Using semiempirical research demonstrating some reasons working class and upper-middle class convicted criminals hurt attached for choosing to invest their shames (Willott, Griffin, & Torrance, 2001) as well as identifying reasons why an individual may commit a violent street disgust (Silverman, 2004), it will be argued that while society does influence the ends a person makes, ultimately it is the individuals choi ce as to whether they abide by the law of nature or break it. Criminal offences can range from something as minor as a speeding ticket to more(prenominal) serious abominations like burglary, skilled discourtesy and violent horrors.In fact it has been said that minor crimes egest so frequently that they can actually be viewed as normal. (Howitt, 2009). Theories contact why a person may commit a crime range from genetic reasons such as Eysencks biological hypothesis of crime finished to erudite processes for example Banduras social tuition theory or Sutherlands diametricial association (Howitt, 2009). Some criminologists need margin called that social factors ar completely irrelevant and deal elect how to persuade. Mehlkop and Graeff (2010) for example, pay cited Becker and his view that criminal behaviour has nonhing to do with an individuals social status and that choosing to engage in criminal activity is a rational process whereby a ratiocination is made in instal to benefit the offender one way or another. Conversely, Robert Merton has claimed that people breathing in low socio-economic environments may re way to obtaining money and basicCrime and Society CCJ18 needs through criminal means as effective opportunities atomic number 18 scarce (Bessant, & Watts, 2007). If it is to be assumed that a personssocial circumstances do determine whether or not they become criminal then it can also be assumed that those who are more financially privileged would arrive at no need to commit crime in establish to meet their financial needs, moreover as Willott et. al (2001) have demonstrated, this is not the faux pas. In their 1999 get, Willott and Griffin place that labour men excuse their criminal behaviour by claiming sole responsibleness for providing for their families. In semi-structured group interviews with working-class offenders the men identified that legitimate ship canal to earn an income were scarce, they had been let d tak e in by the State, and that they were forced to engage in some images of crime to provide for their families.These men felt as if they are not real criminals, and it is the State and the government who are the real criminals by not providing them with opportunities to earn a legal income. They believed they were victims of circumstance. Interestingly, upper-middle class men who were interviewed in the alike way exc utilise their behaviour similarly. Willot et. al. (2001) discovered that these men used a similar excuse of having to provide for others, except in these circumstances the men felt that not only did they have to provide for their own families, but for the families of their employees excessively.Like the working-class men, they shunned responsibility off themselves and blamed the legal system for their criminal status, believing that they should have received some sort of special treatment and their trials should not have been heard in the same courts as real criminals. Like the working-class men, they believed they were victims of circumstance. Arguably, any adult with a family has a responsibility to provide for that family and would feel stress and pressure to provide adequately yet not e trulybody resorts to providing through criminal means (Slovenko, 2007). The mens reasoning for their criminal activity2Crime and Society CCJ18 cannot be justified by their social circumstances. Both groups of men from different socio-economic backgrounds have chosen to engage in crime, no matter what their reasons are. Mehikop & Graeff (2010) identified rational choice theory where it is claimed that all crimes are estimation through logically and specific laws are broken for very definitereasons intentional to benefit the offender. They have stated that actors choose a certain activeness if they positively evaluate it and if they expect their peers to advocate this behaviour (Mehlkop, & Graeff, 2010 p.195). This appears to be the case with the men in Willott et. al.s studies. and it can be argued that this type of crime is not the result of their social circumstances, but rather an active decision that the individual has made.While similarities in economic crime are homely throughout different social conditions, other types of crime such as violent crime and property crime are more ordinary in poorer communities and these types of crime could occur more frequently as a result of social conditions. In the USA in 2000, violent crime made up around twenty-five per cent of all crime with the majority of these acts taking place in poorer communities. Silverman (2004), identified that the majority of these attacks were not for financial gain but rather for status.The offenders commit assaults and robberies in order to create a reputation that they are to be feared or well-thought-of thus becoming less likely to be victims of violent crime themselves. Silverman identified three personality types in these violent communities. The Streets who are very likely to involve themselves in violent acts as they perceive these acts as being beneficial to their reputations, Decents who would rather not be involved in these types of activities but may become involved in order to treasure themselves from falling victim themselves, and the Weaks who would never engage in any type of violent crime.3Crime and Society CCJ18 Silverman has noted that the Weaks simply cannot engage in violence and have no choice to make almost whether or not they get involved. Although it is not stated goly, this implies that the Streets and the Decents choose how to guide and is indicative that although the social circumstances of these people does influence their decision to commit a violent offence, it is ultimately still a thoughtful decision that they make. Actively choosing to partake in criminal activity stands in direct opposition to Paternoster and Pogarskys (2009) claims that people who are able to estimate in a thoughtful and reflective wa y are able to make better long term decisions and therefore not likely to be involved in criminalactivity.They claim that those who take part in thoughtfully reflective decision making are able to go across alternative options to an action they may be considering and therefore will chose to behave legally. The Decents in Silvermans study do not demonstrate this reasoning. They visualize that if they do not build a reputation of fear and regard for themselves then they will fall victim to crime regularly as the Weaks do, and a criminal conviction is favourable to this although they may not think that their behaviour is acceptable (Silverman, 2004).Additionally, this theory doesnt relate to people who have committed traditionally higher-class crimes such as tax evasion or white-collar crime, which invariably take a lot of thoughtful plan and preparation (Mehlkop, & Graeff, 2010). Suggesting that every criminal act is a well thought out decision would be imprecise. Mundane crimes w hich have low visibility to the average person such as traffic offences or worldly concern order offences generally occur impulsively and may be imputable to genetic factors such as low self-control or learned behaviour (Gibbons, 1983). Claiming that a person becomes criminal by choice is quite a conservative view as demonstrated by law professor Ralph Slovenko (1999). He states that there4Crime and Society CCJ18 are many people who live in poverty and the majority of these people do not break the law for their own benefit, but more controversially suggests that one person might choose a criminal career in the same way another may choose a professional career. Both Willott & Griffin (1999) and Silverman (2004) have identified that some of the criminals that they studied would rather live a legitimate lifestyle and relieve their actions as being a means to an end and they may not have broken the law under different financial or social circumstances.They do not believe they chose a life of crime as Slovenko has suggested. To say that a persons social circumstances will determine whether or not they become deviant is too much of a black and white view. In Willott et. al.s 1999 and 2001 studies, some(prenominal) working-class men and middle-class men cited the same reasons for committing economic crime although their social circumstances are very different. In addition, Silverman has claimed thatthe Weaks in his study have no choice in their actions but the Streets and the Decents do, even if they do not like what they are doing.Perhaps the Decents would choose to behave other than in a less harsh social environment but there is no evidence in this paper to support this. Furthermore, Mehikop & Graeff (2010) have identified rational choice theory claiming that those who have broken the law have chosen to in order to benefit themselves and as Slovenko justifiedly points out, not everybody who is under financial pressure resorts to law breaking. This is not to c laim that a persons social circumstances do not influence their lifestyle in anyway whatsoever, but it is certainly not the penultimate factor in determining what has made a person criminal.5Crime and Society CCJ18 References Bessant, J., & Watts, R. (2007). Sociology Australia, 3rd edition. Crows Nest, Australia Allen & Unwin. Gibbons, D. C. (1983). Mundane crime. Crime & Delinquency, 29(2), 213-227. Howitt, D. (2009) groundwork to Forensic and Criminal Psychology 3rd Edition. Essex Pearson Education Limited. Mehlkop, G., & Graeff, P. (2010). Modelling a rational choice theory of criminal action Subjective anticipate utilities, norms and interactions. Rationality and Society, 22(2), 189-222 Paternoster, R., & Pogarsky, G. (2009). Rational choice, agency and thoughtfully reflective decision making The short and long-term consequences of making good choices. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 25, 103-1276Silverman, D. (2004). Street crime and street culture. supranational Econom icReview, 45(3), 761-786.Slovenko, R. (1999). Criminals by choice. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 43, 248-249Willott, S., & Griffin, C. (1999). Building your own lifeboat Working-class staminateoffenders talk about economic crime. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 38, 445-460.Crime and Society CCJ18 Willott, S., Griffin, C., & Torrance, M. (2001). Snakes and ladders Upper-middle7class male offenders talk about economic crime. Criminology, 39(2), 441-466.

Effectively Communicating in an Interpersonal Relationship

Effectively communicating in an Inter mortalal Relationship To the newly wedded braces, It has occurred to me that our current coevals seems to lack the ability to put across efficaciously with in an inter mortalal affinitys and it is with cooperation, collaboration, and compromise that an effective liquify of parley occurs. If we analyzing and studying the communion outgrowth of devil(prenominal) sending and receiving data, we put up improve our ability to transfer efficaciously between peerless an some separate(a). To urinate a successful inter private human kinship unriv every last(predicate)ed must initiative interact with new(prenominal)(a)wises, which is call(a)ed inter some mavinal talk. (Hybels, 2007) We strike down close of our lives interacting with separately(prenominal) separate, with a dozen dissimilar reasons to talk to different hoi polloi. We go away tend to say things differently depending on who we ar speaking too. So thi ther is a lot to a greater extent to communication that dear putt terminology to proceedher and saying them out loud for the early(a) individual to hear. The ability to communicate efficaciously takes real cleverness and learning this readiness never ends, even in a marriage.Being equal to(p) to communicate effectively is probably atomic number 53 of the approximately important skills a psyche slew pick up in a marriage, as the main ca physical exertion for de checkmate is the lack of communication between angiotensin-converting enzyme and solo(a) an separate(a). You be the average mortal that go off say what you want your spo handling to hear, so if you slangt know how to express what you want to say or con put one acrosse your intentions clearly, the other one could comfortably take what you say and turn your own manner of speaking agains you. So the best way to avoid this situation is to be imperative in how you communicate.When I say you must be emp hatic, I cogitate you must express your feelings and ideas openly, honestly, and take responsibility for your actions. It is excessively being uncoerced to listen to what the other one is saying and respect them no enumerate how different their opinions may be from yours. You also need to be equal to recognizing the emotions in one another, as it is a very important basic step to building a good affinity. If one tidy sumnot feel what the other one is feeling, then you simply loafernot connect with them on a ain or emotional level and that brook deeply hinder ones alliance cover.Inter psycheal communication is important because of the functions it achieves. Whenever we engage in communication with another person, we seek to exchange schooling with them, we also communicate learning with a wide variety of verbal and communicatory cues. verbalise communication has huge effects on all aspects of our life, to including interpersonal consanguinitys, only as speaking a nd telling our needs and wants verbally or non-verbally is a necessity for our daily lives.Within our daily lives of some(prenominal) work and home, when we exchange reading with our spouse, our verbal communication is organized by our language, whereas communicative communication is not. We top rough 75 percent of our positioningreal twenty-four hours communicating our knowledge, thoughts, experiences, and ideas to all(prenominal) other. (Allis, 2002) What we dont realize is that a lot of our communication is not do up of the oral or written form but of the sign(a) form. In communications involving devil or more tribe, our messages are displace on twain levels simultaneously and if the verbal cues are not congruous with the signed cues, then the run of communication is hindered.Correct or not, if the receiver of the communication go out base the intentions of the sender on the nonverbal cues that they recieved. Most touchs recall that they depart communicate better because of the fact that they are in a race with this person and the depth of their personal knowledge and connectivity. (Schoenberg, 2011) All of this is ground on the assumption that your signifi brush offt other understands your intent even though your verbal and nonverbal signals are not matching up. So you ii stupefy to be cognizant of the nonverbal signals that you send to apiece other.Nonverbal cues grass be categorized into twain sections vocal and visual. The vocal ramp of nonverbal communication involves timbre (quality and tone), pitch (inflection), intensity (volume), tempo (speed), rhythm, and pauses (silence). Whereas the visual side of nonverbal communication involves your eyes, face, body posture, and hand gestures. Before a person shows an attempt to form an interpersonal birth, they must decide what attracts them to that person. There are m whatever factors that look at up attractions to other physical attractions, perceived gain, similarities, di fferences, and propinquity are a few of them. (Hybels, 2007) As you too were attracted to each other from the start, it is common with most people to be attracted to each other by the way they look, some people world power admit hold of certain unequivocal characteristics that they find more attractcap subject then others. Tall or short, redheaded or brunette hair, blue or green eyes, muscular or slender, or even freckles are mevery things that attract us to one another but if in that respect is no attractions, you are going to be less desirely to walk up to somebody and strike up a conversation them.For example, I am covered from wrists to neck to shank with tattoos and I harbour found that they inhibit my ability to demand a good first impression on many of the professors that I have had over the last several years of college. I didnt take note it at first but over sequence I saying that I received a warmer reception and instruction from my teachers when I had recoll ective sleeves on but if I gave the instructor term to get to know me. I could slowly start to show tattoos and it would not strike how the instructor acted towards me.On the opposite side though, I have met very raise and smart people that had just as many tattoos as I did because of the coverd similarities that we had. The similarities and differences spate be a major factor in determining if a relationship will be good for a person because at times we will find ourselves attracted to people that srabbit the kindred culture basis that we do. It is not a hard gain though to see why people are often attracted to people who enjoy the equal things as we do but people potbelly also be attracted to the differences in personalities. For example, people who dont standardized making decisions mightiness be attracted to a stronger decision maker. Because these characteristics complement each other, they might help strengthen the relationship. (Hybels, 2007) So keep this in ora l sex when you twain are communicating with each other and it seems that what you are arduous to send in not being received properly, as your nonverbal cues or bodily language might be sending something all in all different. As important as sending the right signals both verbally and nonverbally, effective auditory modality is just as important in any relationship.When one listens to another, it shows that you respect them and care somewhat what the other person is exhausting to communicate. There are three important types of audience and they are active, critical, and empathic. (Sole, 2011) vigorous listening is assertive communication that develops a sense of go for, were the person public lecture gets the feeling that you know what they are seek to communicate is getting to you. In doing this, you 2 will build a stronger bond and authority each other more in what you say and do.Critical listening is an analytical and keen-sighted process of listening, in where you analysis what is being said, process the information, and make a judgement on what was call backt. After one has been in a relationship for a while the critical listening will not be needed, as empathic listening will tend to take over. sympathetic listening is listening to your spouse when they have an issue or line that they just need to talk active and know that you are there to listen.So when you empathetically listen, you set aside your own feelings and concentrate on substantial you spouse in their time of emotional need. Once you feces use empathic listening in your relationship, you will be able to take a hop on what is being said and respond back on the same emotional level of the person communicating but empathic listening is something that takes time in a relationship and you toilettenot force emotions but you can just be there for your spouse.It is obvious that you too have already make the initial approach to each other but there can be times in you relationship that you will have to make the approach again because a new or different situation has developed. So it is good to know that once we have approached someone, the attached steps of forming an interpersonal relationship would be our motives for communicating. Your motives for getting married can advantageously be seen if someone spends just a oppose proceedings with you deuce and you guys fit the text book definition of what motivates us for forming a relationship.As we are motivated to form relationships for many different reasons such as, pleasure, take upion, inclusion, escape, relaxation, control, and health. (Hybels, 2007) If one is motivated by pleasure, he or she might want someone to watch the same movies, listen to music, or discuss things that they have in common. If one is motivated by affection, then finding someone who will give you the affective affirmation that you need.Regardless of what motivates us, if we have started to develop a relationship we have to deci de how much of our selves that we want to cope and at what drive in the relationship do we donation it. Another factor that would have been considered as well would be the law of proximity of each other, as proximity is the close contact that occurs when people s lapin an experience such as at work, school, or play. (Hybels, 2007) But seeing as you to met in college and study the same major, your proximity was really close and you too were able to hare a lot of really neat experiences together and still conserve to do so. Speaking of sharing with one another, I would exchangeable to let off self-disclosure to both of you. As self-disclosure is a process in which one person tells another person something he or she would not reveal to just anyone. (Hybels, 2007) Self-disclosure in not just providing someone with information rough yourself. Self-disclosure is about revealing a piece of yourself that others would not normally know or learn about you over time.It involves tr usting a person with your vulnerabilities when your find sharing this information but it is also a way of gaining more information from the person you are sharing it with and you want to be able to trust each other and predict the thoughts and actions of your spouse. When one deals information handle this, we are able to judge the reactions of our significant other. So once we share this information, we can learn how they call and feel on certain situations or topics that would not normally come up in normal day discussions.It is also implied that once he or she begins self-disclosure, the other will espouse suit. Thus causing a mutual disclosure and deepening the trust between two people in a relationship, knowing that they miss you for who you are. While self-disclosure can strengthen a relationship it can also damage it as well but it is not called the intensifying decimal identify for nothing because a relationship can be damaged if he or she is pouring out their soul to you and you dont wish what they are hearing or if the self-disclosure comes to early in the relationship, it can be just as damaging.There are five confronts that we go through when underdeveloped and strengthening a relationship, these are the coming together phase angles. The first level is the initiating ramification, which is characterized by nervousness, caution, hesitation, and a very high risk of exposure of rejection. The succeeding(prenominal) format is the experimental stage, where we seek out any common interests, experiences, and life goals. It is in this stage that you might of talked about both of your education and career goals, when you might want to start a family, and what part of the city you wanted to precipitate down in.The third stage is the intensity stage in which the couple begins self-disclosure in an attempt to strengthen their relationship but also make it more vulnerable to each other. If you didnt determine, when you two first started dating , your conversations were unremarkably on irrefutable topics in both of your lives but as time when on and you began to trust each other and build bonds. So when both of you felt comfortable in expressing your needs, fears, and desires your relationship was strengthened and the two of you grew ambient together as a couple.I dont really call you two had an issues with this though, as you guys seemed to attach yourselves to each other subsequently only a month had passed bye and the beginning and incubated use of your positron emission tomography names for each other made all of us ptyalize but we were extremely grateful (kidding) when both of you got that pass intern suppose together. You two did come back a stronger couple though, so that summer really did bring you two together more, which led you into the twenty-five percent stage.The afterwards part stage is the integrating stage, in which the couple begins to communicate and respond easily to each others feelings. This is the point where your personalities began merging into one and we always adage you two together. I dont think there was a whiz party or gathering that both of you were there for but you two made a cute couple and it was just expected after a time. The final stage would be the bonding stage. At this point, the couple will make some sort of commitment that announces their relationship to those approximately them, (Hybels, 2007) involving a lot of commitment and dedication to the relationship and to each other. Whereas you two decided to get married and finally move into that small field you both were drooling over but you do know that once you two decide to have a baby, you will have to find a bigger hearthstone. In all of the stages discussed we all have decision to make, we can either continue to move forward to the next stage, stay in the same stage we are in, or terminate the relationship all together.No topic what we as individuals choose to do with our lives, we need to know how to communicate effectively to that next stage and we need to know how to handle and lick conflict in any relationship we place ourselves in. We can do this by conflict resolution, which is negotiating to find a solution to the conflict. (Hybels, 2007) Depending on how a conflict is decided it can produce a incontrovertible or negative result but it also helps to take a positive approach to any conflict resolution, where discussion is considerate and on-confrontational, and the heart of the numerate is on the issues and not on the individuals. If this can be completed, then, as foresightful as people are unstrainedly listening to each other and explore facts, issues, and possible solutions properly, conflict can often be pickd effectively. Making interpersonal communication just similar any other work of life, pie-eyeding that it must be practiced and utilized on a regular basis to be successful and we must continually analyze and study it in order to improve our ability to communicate effectively in relationships.So if you relationship is to last a long time and be a sound and happy one, it is important to maintain a constant and consistent flow of communication with your partner (Sole, 2011). I wish the best of luck to both of you and hope your future endeavors bring you as much happiness as the last ones did. Sincerely, Aaron Stamper Reference Allis, R. (2002). Non-verbal Communication. Zeromillion. com. Retrieved from http//www. zeromillion. com/business/management/non-verbal-communication. html Hybels, S. & Weaver, R. (2007).communicating Effectively. raw(a) York McGraw-Hill Company Inc. Preston, P. (2005). Nonverbal communication Do you really say what you cockeyed? Journal of Healthcare Management. Retrieved from http//proquest. umi. com. Schoenberg, N. (2011). Can we talk? researcher talks about the role of communication in marriages. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. Sole, K. (2011). Making Connect ions Understanding Interpersonal Communication. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Retrieved from https//content. ashford. ed.Effectively Communicating in an Interpersonal RelationshipEffectively Communicating in an Interpersonal Relationship To the newly wedded couple, It has occurred to me that our current times seems to lack the ability to communicate effectively with in an interpersonal relationships and it is through cooperation, collaboration, and compromise that an effective flow of communication occurs. If we analyzing and studying the communication process of both sending and receiving information, we can improve our ability to communicate effectively between one another. To have a successful interpersonal relationship one must first interact with others, which is called interpersonal communication. (Hybels, 2007) We spend most of our lives interacting with each other, with a dozen different reasons to talk to different people. We will tend to say things differentl y depending on who we are speaking too. So there is a lot more to communication that just place words together and saying them out loud for the other person to hear. The ability to communicate effectively takes real skill and learning this skill never ends, even in a marriage.Being able to communicate effectively is probably one of the most important skills a person can have in a marriage, as the main cause for dissever is the lack of communication between one another. You are the only person that can say what you want your spouse to hear, so if you dont know how to express what you want to say or explain your intentions clearly, the other one could easily take what you say and turn your own words agains you. So the best way to avoid this situation is to be assertive in how you communicate.When I say you must be assertive, I mean you must express your feelings and ideas openly, honestly, and take responsibility for your actions. It is also being willing to listen to what the other one is saying and respect them no intimacy how different their opinions may be from yours. You also need to be able to recognizing the emotions in one another, as it is a very important first step to building a good relationship. If one cannot feel what the other one is feeling, then you simply cannot connect with them on a personal or emotional level and that can deeply hinder ones relationship process.Interpersonal communication is important because of the functions it achieves. Whenever we engage in communication with another person, we seek to exchange information with them, we also communicate information through a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues. verbalize communication has huge effects on all aspects of our life, to including interpersonal relationships, just as speaking and telling our needs and wants verbally or non-verbally is a necessity for our daily lives.Within our daily lives of both work and home, when we exchange information with our spouse, our verbal communication is organized by our language, whereas nonverbal communication is not. We spend about 75 percent of our day communicating our knowledge, thoughts, experiences, and ideas to each other. (Allis, 2002) What we dont realize is that a lot of our communication is not made up of the oral or written form but of the nonverbal form. In communications involving two or more people, our messages are move on two levels simultaneously and if the verbal cues are not congruent with the nonverbal cues, then the flow of communication is hindered.Correct or not, if the receiver of the communication will base the intentions of the sender on the nonverbal cues that they recieved. Most couples look at that they will communicate better because of the fact that they are in a relationship with this person and the depth of their personal knowledge and connectivity. (Schoenberg, 2011) All of this is ground on the assumption that your significant other understands your intent even though your ve rbal and nonverbal signals are not matching up. So you two have to be cognizant of the nonverbal signals that you send to each other.Nonverbal cues can be categorized into two sections vocal and visual. The vocal side of nonverbal communication involves timbre (quality and tone), pitch (inflection), intensity (volume), tempo (speed), rhythm, and pauses (silence). Whereas the visual side of nonverbal communication involves your eyes, face, body posture, and hand gestures. Before a person makes an attempt to form an interpersonal relationship, they must decide what attracts them to that person. There are many factors that make up attractions to other physical attractions, perceived gain, similarities, differences, and proximity are a few of them. (Hybels, 2007) As you too were attracted to each other from the start, it is common with most people to be attracted to each other by the way they look, some people might have certain distinguishable characteristics that they find more attra ctable then others. Tall or short, towheaded or brunette hair, blue or green eyes, muscular or slender, or even freckles are many things that attract us to one another but if there is no attractions, you are going to be less likely to walk up to someone and strike up a conversation them.For example, I am covered from wrists to neck to stem with tattoos and I have found that they inhibit my ability to have a good first impression on many of the professors that I have had over the last several years of college. I didnt notice it at first but over time I saw that I received a warmer reception and instruction from my teachers when I had long sleeves on but if I gave the instructor time to get to know me. I could slowly start to show tattoos and it would not affect how the instructor acted towards me.On the opposite side though, I have met very arouse and smart people that had just as many tattoos as I did because of the shared similarities that we had. The similarities and difference s can be a major factor in determining if a relationship will be good for a person because at times we will find ourselves attracted to people that share the same culture basis that we do. It is not a hard domain though to see why people are often attracted to people who enjoy the same things as we do but people can also be attracted to the differences in personalities. For example, people who dont like making decisions might be attracted to a stronger decision maker. Because these characteristics complement each other, they might help strengthen the relationship. (Hybels, 2007) So keep this in assessment when you two are communicating with each other and it seems that what you are essay to send in not being received properly, as your nonverbal cues or bodily language might be sending something whole different. As important as sending the right signals both verbally and nonverbally, effective listening is just as important in any relationship.When one listens to another, it sho ws that you respect them and care about what the other person is trying to communicate. There are three important types of listening and they are active, critical, and empathic. (Sole, 2011) dynamic listening is assertive communication that develops a sense of trust, were the person talking gets the feeling that you know what they are trying to communicate is getting to you. In doing this, you two will build a stronger bond and trust each other more in what you say and do.Critical listening is an analytical and judicious process of listening, in where you analysis what is being said, process the information, and make a judgement on what was meant. After one has been in a relationship for a while the critical listening will not be needed, as empathic listening will tend to take over. empathetic listening is listening to your spouse when they have an issue or paradox that they just need to talk about and know that you are there to listen.So when you empathetically listen, you set a side your own feelings and concentrate on substantial you spouse in their time of emotional need. Once you can use empathic listening in your relationship, you will be able to theorize on what is being said and respond back on the same emotional level of the person communicating but empathic listening is something that takes time in a relationship and you cannot force emotions but you can just be there for your spouse.It is obvious that you too have already made the initial approach to each other but there can be times in you relationship that you will have to make the approach again because a new or different situation has developed. So it is good to know that once we have approached someone, the next steps of forming an interpersonal relationship would be our motives for communicating. Your motives for getting married can easily be seen if someone spends just a couple legal proceeding with you two and you guys fit the text book definition of what motivates us for forming a rela tionship.As we are motivated to form relationships for many different reasons such as, pleasure, affection, inclusion, escape, relaxation, control, and health. (Hybels, 2007) If one is motivated by pleasure, he or she might want someone to watch the same movies, listen to music, or discuss things that they have in common. If one is motivated by affection, then finding someone who will give you the affective affirmation that you need.Regardless of what motivates us, if we have started to develop a relationship we have to decide how much of our selves that we want to share and at what point in the relationship do we share it. Another factor that would have been considered as well would be the proximity of each other, as proximity is the close contact that occurs when people share an experience such as at work, school, or play. (Hybels, 2007) But seeing as you to met in college and study the same major, your proximity was really close and you too were able to hare a lot of really ne at experiences together and still continue to do so. Speaking of sharing with one another, I would like to explain self-disclosure to both of you. As self-disclosure is a process in which one person tells another person something he or she would not reveal to just anyone. (Hybels, 2007) Self-disclosure in not just providing someone with information about yourself. Self-disclosure is about revealing a piece of yourself that others would not normally know or learn about you over time.It involves trusting a person with your vulnerabilities when your risk sharing this information but it is also a way of gaining more information from the person you are sharing it with and you want to be able to trust each other and predict the thoughts and actions of your spouse. When one shares information like this, we are able to judge the reactions of our significant other. So once we share this information, we can learn how they think and feel on certain situations or topics that would not normally come up in normal day discussions.It is also implied that once he or she begins self-disclosure, the other will obey suit. Thus causing a mutual disclosure and deepening the trust between two people in a relationship, knowing that they leave out you for who you are. While self-disclosure can strengthen a relationship it can also damage it as well but it is not called the intensifying stage for nothing because a relationship can be damaged if he or she is pouring out their soul to you and you dont like what they are hearing or if the self-disclosure comes to early in the relationship, it can be just as damaging.There are five stages that we go through when create and strengthening a relationship, these are the coming together stages. The first stage is the initiating stage, which is characterized by nervousness, caution, hesitation, and a very high risk of rejection. The next stage is the experimental stage, where we seek out any common interests, experiences, and life goals. It is in this stage that you might of talked about both of your education and career goals, when you might want to start a family, and what part of the city you wanted to peg down down in.The third stage is the intensity stage in which the couple begins self-disclosure in an attempt to strengthen their relationship but also make it more vulnerable to each other. If you didnt notice, when you two first started dating, your conversations were ordinarily on positive topics in both of your lives but as time when on and you began to trust each other and build bonds. So when both of you felt comfortable in expressing your needs, fears, and desires your relationship was strengthened and the two of you grew adpressed together as a couple.I dont really think you two had an issues with this though, as you guys seemed to attach yourselves to each other after only a month had passed bye and the beginning and continued use of your darling names for each other made all of us vile but we were ex tremely grateful (kidding) when both of you got that summer intern chore together. You two did come back a stronger couple though, so that summer really did bring you two together more, which led you into the fourth stage.The fourth stage is the integrating stage, in which the couple begins to communicate and respond easily to each others feelings. This is the point where your personalities began merging into one and we always saw you two together. I dont think there was a wholeness party or gathering that both of you were there for but you two made a cute couple and it was just expected after a time. The final stage would be the bonding stage. At this point, the couple will make some sort of commitment that announces their relationship to those round them, (Hybels, 2007) involving a lot of commitment and dedication to the relationship and to each other. Whereas you two decided to get married and finally move into that small house you both were drooling over but you do know that once you two decide to have a baby, you will have to find a bigger house. In all of the stages discussed we all have decision to make, we can either continue to move forward to the next stage, stay in the same stage we are in, or terminate the relationship all together.No matter what we as individuals choose to do with our lives, we need to know how to communicate effectively to that next stage and we need to know how to handle and resolve conflict in any relationship we place ourselves in. We can do this by conflict resolution, which is negotiating to find a solution to the conflict. (Hybels, 2007) Depending on how a conflict is unyielding it can produce a positive or negative result but it also helps to take a positive approach to any conflict resolution, where discussion is considerate and on-confrontational, and the heart of the matter is on the issues and not on the individuals. If this can be completed, then, as long as people are willingly listening to each other and explor e facts, issues, and possible solutions properly, conflict can often be resolved effectively. Making interpersonal communication just like any other work of life, meaning that it must be practiced and utilized regularly to be successful and we must continually analyze and study it in order to improve our ability to communicate effectively in relationships.So if you relationship is to last a long time and be a anicteric and happy one, it is important to maintain a constant and consistent flow of communication with your partner (Sole, 2011). I wish the best of luck to both of you and hope your future endeavors bring you as much happiness as the last ones did. Sincerely, Aaron Stamper Reference Allis, R. (2002). Non-verbal Communication. Zeromillion. com. Retrieved from http//www. zeromillion. com/business/management/non-verbal-communication. html Hybels, S. & Weaver, R. (2007).Communicating Effectively. sensitive York McGraw-Hill Company Inc. Preston, P. (2005). Nonverbal communicat ion Do you really say what you mean? Journal of Healthcare Management. Retrieved from http//proquest. umi. com. Schoenberg, N. (2011). Can we talk? researcher talks about the role of communication in marriages. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. Sole, K. (2011). Making Connections Understanding Interpersonal Communication. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Retrieved from https//content. ashford. ed.